Research-use-only material occupies a distinct regulatory lane: it is supplied and purchased for laboratory investigation, not for human or veterinary consumption. That lane only holds if both sides of the transaction keep it there - labelling, intended-use statements, and the paper trail matter.
For buyers, the durable evidence is a per-order research-use attestation plus batch-matched COAs stored alongside the order. That combination documents what was ordered, what the supplier certified about the batch, and under what intended use it was acquired.
Expect continued scrutiny of supply chains that blur the line between research material and consumer product. Marketplaces that enforce attestation and COA gates in code - rather than in fine print - are positioned for the audits that follow.